Substance addiction takes many forms and afflicts men, women, and even children around the world. For those brave enough to take those first steps to recovery, the road can be challenging. Once set on the path, you must first fight past the difficulties of drug withdrawal, a much-needed menace.
But what causes this process?
Simply put, after consuming an addictive substance, a person will experience overwhelming pleasure or hyperactivity, also known as a “high.” As a result of the overuse of drugs or alcohol, the brain cannot regulate emotions and moods properly and develops new performance patterns. These patterns foster physical and mental addiction. This rewired nervous system and physical weakness is the result of chemical dependency, a state where a person cannot function without consuming addictive substances.
Once the substance is removed, the body begins to experience withdrawal.
Determining Factors of Withdrawal
In general, withdrawal symptoms are based on different factors. These include but are not limited to:
- Classification of the substance (opioid, heroin, benzo, marijuana, etc.)
- The potency of the substance
- Length of abuse (days, weeks, months, or years)
- The process of abuse (injection, snorting, swallowing, etc.)
- Genetics and physical quality of the addict
- The family history of abuse, addiction, or mental disorders
- “Half-life” of the substance
What is especially important to consider is the “half-life,” a short period when the addict continues to feel the effects of a drug even after it has left their body. Each addictive substance has a different “half-life” and can result in unique withdrawal symptoms. For example, an alcoholic will experience different physical and emotional effects than an opioid addict.
Withdrawal varies based on the type of substance, its “half-life,” and its long-term effects on the user. Genetic makeup and family history play a strong role in determining the severity and longevity of symptoms, as well.
Ultimately, the process of drug withdrawal can last from ten days (in the case of cocaine) to several months (in the case of benzodiazepines), and symptoms range from flu-like (sniffing, red eyes, sneezing, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea) to severe seizures and body tremors (in the case of alcohol and benzos).
Withdrawal symptoms vary depending on the substance:
- Prescription Opioids: flulike symptoms, dilated pupils, anxiety, abdominal spasms, diarrhea, cold chills
- Heroin (Opioid Classification): shorter symptoms of prescription opioids
- Cocaine (Stimulant): sleeplessness, listlessness, spasms
- Alcohol: heart palpitations, seizures, insomnia, mood swings
- Amphetamines: increased appetite, severe depression, cravings, listlessness
While the withdrawals symptoms vary, the steps to recovery are clear. At Asana Recovery, we understand the pain you’re going through and want to help you reach your full potential and live a clean and happy life.
