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How Long Does GHB Stay in Your System?

How Long Does GHB Stay in Your System?

Table of Contents

GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate) is a central nervous system depressant that can be detected in various bodily fluids for different durations. Understanding its detection windows and metabolism is crucial for medical, legal, and safety purposes.

GHB Processing in the Body

The body processes GHB rapidly through several metabolic pathways. After ingestion, GHB reaches peak concentration in the bloodstream within 20-40 minutes. The drug has a short half-life of approximately 30-60 minutes, meaning half the substance is eliminated within this timeframe.

Metabolism Process

GHB undergoes complex metabolism involving multiple reversible pathways. Less than 2% is excreted in urine, with metabolism being the primary clearance route. The liver converts GHB into several chemicals, which are ultimately broken down into carbon dioxide and water.

Detection Windows

Blood Testing

  • Standard detection window: 4-8 hours
  • Peak concentration: 20-40 minutes after ingestion
  • Most reliable for recent use detection
    Urine Testing
  • Detection window: Up to 12 hours after last use
  • Most detectable: 2-5 hours after consumption
  • Primary testing method for suspected GHB exposure
    Saliva Testing
  • Detection window: Up to 6 hours
  • Initial detection: Within 10 minutes of consumption
  • Less reliable than blood or urine tests
    Hair Testing
  • Detection window: Up to one month
  • Most reliable for chronic use
  • Requires specialized testing methods

Duration of Effects

The effects of GHB typically begin within 15-30 minutes of consumption. A typical GHB high lasts between three to six hours, though individual experiences may vary. The intensity and duration depend on several factors:
Dosage Effects

  • 10 mg/kg: Short-term amnesia and hypotonia
  • 20-30 mg/kg: Drowsiness and sleep
  • 50-70 mg/kg: Profound hypnosis and deep coma


Factors Affecting Clearance

Several factors influence how long GHB remains in your system:
Physical Factors

  • Age
  • Weight
  • Metabolism rate
  • Body composition
  • Liver health
    Usage Factors
  • Dosage amount
  • Frequency of use
  • Alcohol consumption
  • Drug interactions


Drug Testing Considerations

Standard 5 and 10-panel drug tests typically don’t detect GHB. Specific testing must be ordered for GHB detection, and timing is crucial due to its rapid metabolism. Blood tests offer the most reliable results for recent use, while hair testing provides the longest detection window.

Safety and Metabolism

GHB is primarily metabolized by the liver through multiple pathways involving both cytosolic and mitochondrial enzymes. The drug crosses the blood-brain barrier readily and can produce significant central nervous system effects. The rapid metabolism of GHB can make detection challenging, particularly in cases of suspected drink spiking or assault. For this reason, testing should be conducted as soon as possible after suspected exposure.

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